Keperawatan Gerontik Pada Pasien Katarak Dengan Masalah Risiko Jatuh Di Pusat Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Mappakasunggu Kota Pare-Pare
Sari
Latar Belakang: Katarak merupakan penyebab utama gangguan penglihatan pada lansia yang dapat meningkatkan risiko jatuh akibat penurunan ketajaman visual. Risiko jatuh yang tinggi berpengaruh pada kualitas hidup lansia dan dapat menyebabkan cedera serius hingga kematian.Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada satu pasien lansia yang mengalami katarak dan memiliki risiko jatuh. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Subjek Penelitian: Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seorang pasien lansia yang tinggal di Pusat Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Mappakasunggu Kota Parepare, dengan diagnosa medis katarak dan masalah keperawatan risiko jatuh. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan adanya gangguan penglihatan, ketidakseimbangan saat berjalan, serta lingkungan yang belum aman. Diagnosis keperawatan yang ditegakkan adalah risiko jatuh. Intervensi yang dilakukan berupa edukasi keselamatan, dukungan mobilisasi, dan modifikasi lingkungan. Setelah intervensi, pasien menunjukkan peningkatan kesadaran akan keamanan, serta tidak mengalami jatuh selama masa observasi. Kesimpulan: Asuhan keperawatan gerontik dengan pendekatan holistik terbukti efektif dalam mengurangi risiko jatuh pada lansia dengan katarak. Saran: Diharapkan tenaga kesehatan lebih proaktif dalam mengidentifikasi dan menangani risiko jatuh pada lansia, khususnya yang mengalami gangguan penglihatan seperti katarak, dengan pendekatan multidisipliner.
Kata Kunci: Katarak, lansia, risiko jatuh, keperawatan gerontik, asuhan keperawatan
ABSTRACT
Background: Cataracts are the leading cause of visual impairment in the elderly and can significantly increase the risk of falling due to reduced visual acuity. A high fall risk can affect the quality of life and cause serious injury or even death. Research Method: This research used a descriptive method with a case study approach on one elderly patient experiencing cataracts and a fall risk. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Research Subject: The subject was an elderly patient residing at the Mappakasunggu Elderly Social Service Center in Parepare City, diagnosed with cataracts and a nursing problem of fall risk. Research Results: The assessment revealed visual impairment, imbalance while walking, and an unsafe environment. The nursing diagnosis was fall risk. Interventions included safety education, mobility support, and environmental modification. Post-intervention, the patient showed increased safety awareness and did not experience any falls during the observation period. Conclusion: Gerontological nursing care with a holistic approach is effective in reducing fall risks among elderly patients with cataracts. Suggestion: Health workers should be more proactive in identifying and addressing fall risks in the elderly, especially those with visual impairments, through multidisciplinary approaches.
Keywords: Cataract, elderly, fall risk, gerontological nursing, nursing care
Kata Kunci
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