Implementasi Edukasi Latihan Fisik Pada Lansia Goat Atritis Dengan Gangguan Mobilitas Fisik Di Pusat Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia

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Latar belakang : Penyakit Asam Urat atau dalam dunia medis disebut penyakit Gout Arthritis adalah penyakit sendi yang yang diakibatkan oleh gangguan metabolisme Purin yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar asam urat dalam darah. Penumpukan asam urat ini yang membuat sendi sakit, nyeri, dan meradang. Apabila kadar Asam Urat dalam darah terus meningkat menyebabkan penderita penyakit ini tidak bisa berjalan, penumpukan Kristal Asam Urat berupa Tofi pada sendi dan jaringan sekitarnya, persendian terasa sangat sakit jika berjalan dan dapat mengalami kerusakan pada sendi bahkan sampai menimbulkan kecacatan sendi dan mengganggu aktifitas penderitanya Tujuan Penelitian : Untuk menggambarkan asuhan keperawatan pada lansia gout arthritis dengan masalah gangguan mobilitas fisik di Pusat pelayanan sosial lanjut usia. Metode penelitian : yang digunakan dalam studi kasus ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pemaparan kasus.sampel penelitian : sebanyak dua responden yaitu Ny.R dan Tn.A. Hasil penelitian yaitu setelah dilakukan asuhan keperawatan selama 1x24 jam didapatkan  hasil pada Ny.R , lansia mengatakan saat melakukan senam dirinya merasa sedikit rileks, dan lansia juga sudah tidakk sering merasakan nyeri pada kakinya dan data obejtif, skala nyeri 2,Asam urat  7.5 mg/dl, Mimik wajah masih sedikit meringis, Bengkak pada kkaki sedikit berkurang. dan pada Tn. A  didapatkan hasil, data subjektif yaitu,  lansia mengatakan saat setelah melakukan  senam dirinya merasa badannya jadi ringan, nyeri pada kakinya juga sedikit berkurang, lansia juga mengatakan dirinya sudah tidak sesering dulu merasakan nyeri data objektif didapatkan data yaitu, skala nyer 1, Asam urat 7,5 mg/dl, Bengkak pada kaki masih ada tetapi sudah berkurang. Kesimpulan : dengan memberikan edukasi latihan fisik, gangguan mobilitas fisik pada pasien gout arthritis dapat diatasi secara perlahan. Evaluasi keperawatan pada pasien 1 (Tn.S)  ditemukan hasil evaluasi: : rentang gerak (ROM) meningkat  (5), nyeri menurun (5), pergerakan ekstermitas meningkat (5), kekuatan otot meningkat (5) Saran : disarankan bagi peneliti selanjutnya agar dapat menerapkan edukasi latihan fisik  untuk memaksimalkan hasil yang akan dicapai dalam mengatasi gangguan mobilitas fisik pada lansia gout athritis.

Kata Kunci : Gout athritis, edukasi latihan fisik, gangguan mobilitas fisik

ABSTRACT

Background: Gout disease or in the medical world called Gout Arthritis is a joint disease caused by Purine metabolism disorders which are characterized by high levels of uric acid in the blood. This accumulation of uric acid makes the joints sore, painful, and inflamed. If the level of uric acid in the blood continues to increase, it causes sufferers of this disease to be unable to walk, the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the form of tophi in the joints and surrounding tissues, the joints feel very painful when walking and can experience damage to the joints even to the point of causing joint disability and disrupting the sufferer's activities. Research Objective: To describe nursing care for elderly gout arthritis with problems of impaired physical mobility at the Elderly Social Service Center. Research method: used in this case study is a descriptive method with case presentation. Subjects of the study: as many as two respondents, namely Mrs. R and Mr. A. The results of the study were that after nursing care for 1x24 hours, the results were obtained in Mrs. R, the elderly said that when doing gymnastics she felt a little relaxed, and the elderly also did not often feel pain in her legs and objective data, pain scale 2, uric acid 7.5 mg / dl, facial expressions were still slightly grimacing, swelling in the legs slightly reduced. and in Mr. A obtained results, subjective data, namely, the elderly said that after doing gymnastics he felt his body became lighter, the pain in his legs also decreased slightly, the elderly also said that he did not feel pain as often as before, objective data obtained data, namely, pain scale 1, Uric acid 7.5 mg / dl, Swelling in the legs is still there but has decreased. Conclusion: by providing physical exercise education, physical mobility disorders in gout arthritis patients can be overcome slowly. Nursing evaluation of patient 1 (Mr. S) found the following evaluation results:: increased range of motion (ROM) (5), decreased pain (5), increased extremity movement (5), increased muscle strength (5) Suggestion: it is recommended for further researchers to be able to apply physical exercise education to maximize the results that will be achieved in overcoming physical mobility disorders in elderly gout arthritis.

Keywords: Gout arthritis, physical exercise education, physical mobility disorders